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Japanese Traditional Art

Whether it is the Japanese paintings or pottery, Japanese traditional art is vivid and has its own beauty. Here’s a look at some of the different types of Japanese traditional art that reflect the rich history and culture of the place.
Japanese Traditional Art
Japan has always been known for the various forms of beautiful art that is seen out here. The Japanese have managed to retain their own aesthetic lookout while merging foreign influences as well. There was a time when Japan was invaded by ideas that came from outside and there was also a time when the Japanese rarely had any contact or influences from places around the world. Japanese traditional art can be seen in various forms, which the Japanese artists have used to express through various mediums.

When one mentions Japanese traditional art, one can see that it can encompass a whole lot of mediums of expression. Japanese traditional art can include the beautiful Japanese paintings, the exquisite Japanese pottery, the artistic Japanese sculptures and the traditional art extends to the art of flower arrangement known as the Ikebana and Origami which is the art of folding paper. Here’s a look at the various forms of Japanese traditional art that has mesmerized people for years.

Japanese Traditional Art: Painting
Japanese paintings are unique in their own way and have certain characteristics about them as well. This is also the oldest of the Japanese traditional arts. One can see a wide range of styles under Japanese art. This is a combination of traditional Japanese ideas and influences from outside as well.

The various periods in the history of Japan also had certain influences over the Japanese traditional art forms. Beautiful murals were the most significant forms of art during the Nara period. These were seen on the walls of the temple of Horyu-ji in Ikaruga , Nara. Here, the style of the paintings was quite similar to the Chinese paintings. Most of the paintings of the Nara period depicted religious beliefs and stories.

As time passed, one could see various images of the Mandala gain prominence in Japanese art. With Japanese Buddhism on the rise, one could witness new genres being added to the traditional Japanese art. Chinese art slowly disappeared from the scene by the mid-Heian period. This period saw many artists incorporate religion into their paintings.

The 14th century witnessed the Zen monasteries make a strong impact on Japanese art. Ink painting was introduced from the Sung and the Yuan dynasty. The Zen artists gradually moved away from the Chinese style of painting and monochrome landscape paintings gained prominence. This took on a more of a Japanese style in the Muromachi period and towards the end of this period, the ink paintings gave way to a decorative style of art.

Traditional Japanese art also saw the use of gold and silver foil in the Azuchi-Momoyama period. Monumental landscapes adorned the sliding doors and wall paintings decorated beautiful castles. A number of new trends came to the surface during the Edo period. The Rimpa school that was seen during this period were known for their classical themes which were depicted in a very bold fashion with a decorative style.

Western art gained prominence during the Meiji period. Due to the efforts of certain art critics, traditional Japanese art saw a revival during this period especially the Nihonga art. With time, Japanese art also saw many changes in the various art styles.

Today, modern artists have gone towards new themes and abstract paintings as well. The traditional Japanese art style called the nihonga is still represented in various modern ways by artists.

Japanese Traditional Art: Pottery and Sculpture
The earlier forms of pottery seen in Japan were coil made and decorated with rope patterns, which were impressed by hand. Many artists studied the traditional methods of glazing in order to prevent the native styles from disappearing from the scene. Various styles of the Japanese pottery evolved which were initially created by Korean potters. Classic wares were crafted in numerous areas of Japan by the end of the 1980s. Dragons and floral designs adorned the Arita porcelain. The bizen ware was easily distinguishable by the reddish brown color and the ironlike hardness.

Japanese sculpture is beautiful in its own way and has its main focus on Buddhism. Different periods also saw the emergence of various styles of this art form. In the initial stage, materials such as metals and wood were used for the Japanese sculptures. The ancient dogu and the haniwa figures were made of clay. These also had a story behind their form and creation.

The most important and significant Buddhist sculptures belonged to the Hakuho art period. The earlier styles of the sculpture saw a change and features became more softened in their appearance.

Towards the modern times, new ideas and materials were put into use for Japanese sculpture. Outdoor sculpture also became an important feature. These are used in parks and as a part of landscape design. The 1980s saw the use of natural materials being made for Japanese sculptures.

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sand art painting

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navajo sand painting

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Explore a traditional Navajo art form.

navajo sand painting. The Navajo refer to themselves as Dine (Dee-Nay), which means "the people." They are the largest tribe in the United States. Their land, which is called Dinetah, encompasses parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah.

In Navajo mythology, each of the four cardinal directions is represented by a different color: white for the east, blue for the south, yellow for the west, and black for the north. Navajo artists use these four colors in the creation of sand paintings, which were traditionally made by shamans as a part of healing ceremonies. When the ceremony was finished, the painting was destroyed.

For Navaho artists, the technique of making sand paintings involves trickling powdered minerals such as ocher and gypsum into symmetrical patterns on clean sand. For this home activity, tempera paints or food coloring will provide all the color you need.

1. Mix up several batches of colored sand. To do this, pour about a handful of sand in each of your containers. Then add a different color tempera to each container. For a richer color, add more tempera. (Note: if you are using food coloring instead of tempera, you will need to spread the sand out to dry before you begin your painting.)
2. Draw a simple picture on construction paper. Landscapes or seascapes work especially well.
3. When you have finished, use a Popsicle stick to spread a thin layer of watered-down glue over your drawing. Then decide where you want to put each different color.
4. Working on one part of your drawing at a time, use a spoon to sprinkle the colored sand on the paper. After each color has been added, lift the paper up and gently shake the excess sand onto a plastic or styrofoam tray to use again. Keep doing this until the picture is complete.
5. After your sand painting has dried, you can seal it by spraying it with a mixture of glue (80%) and water (20%).

source : http://www.eduplace.com/hac/arts/sandpainting.html

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How to Make a Sand Painting

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How to Make a Sand Painting

Sand painting is practiced in many cultures, usually for religious and healing purposes. Some of the more well known sand paintings are Navajo or Tibetan (where they are called mandalas). Sand paintings can include many colors and complex patterns. When the ceremony was done the sand was left to be carried away by wind or time.

Here's how to make sand pictures that will be simple and long lasting, as well as a lot fun to make! All you need is colored sand and glue to do this fun craft project with your child.

What You Need:

Assortment of colored sand – can also use some cornmeal
White school glue
Warm water
Paintbrush
Paper – works best with an off white colored paper so you can see the glue easier.
Newspaper
Plastic bowl
Craft stick

What You Do:

Spread newspapers down on your workspace. This will help catch the sand and make clean up easier.
Take a small amount of warm water and add it to some glue in your bowl, to thin it down a little bit. You don't want it like water, but thin enough to be able to spread with a paint brush. Use a craft stick to stir it.
Next have your child paint a pattern or picture with the glue.
Now gently trickle different colors of sand on the picture where they want the colors to go. Don't worry if all the sand doesn't stick.
After all the picture has been covered, let your artwork dry.
Gently turn your picture over and let the unused sand fall off onto the newspaper. Then have mom or dad clean up the newspaper. Your picture is ready for display.

Did You Know?

In Tibet the mandalas (sand paintings) would take days to make. When they were finished the mandalas would be destroyed to show that life was not permanent.
On Dia de los Muertos (Day of the Dead) sand paintings are still drawn today. Seattle is famous for them. They are soon swept away to illustrate the fleeting nature of life.

source : http://www.education.com/activity/article/Sand_Painting/

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A Tibetan Sand Art Painting

painting is called dul-Tsong-kyil-Khor, "mandala of colored powders. Construction of a sand painting, millions of grains of vegetable-dyed marble are paid on a platform for a period of several days or weeks. Flowers powder, herbs, or cereals, and powdered and colored stone can also be used. In the past, powdered semi-precious and precious stones such as lapis lazuli for blue and rubies for the reds, were also employed.

A sand painting is a representation of the universe and contains traditional Tibetan Buddhist
symbolism, such as geometric shapes and ancient spiritual icons. It is created by monks of the Tibetan Buddhist tradition whenever they feel there is a need for the healing of the environment and all living beings. The act of constructing it is considered a religious practice and a path to enlightenment.

The subject of a sand painting is a mandala or cosmogram, the floor plan of a sacred mansion. The psychologist Carl Jung called the mandala a universal expression of the human subconscious. There are many varieties of mandalas, but most have three levels of meaning: outer, inner, and secret. The outer level represents the world in its divine form; the inner level depicts a map pointing toward enlightenment; the secret level represents the perfect balance of body and mind. The purpose of creating a sand painting is to achieve purification and healing on all three levels.

The Buddha wanted each living being to find peace and happiness and avoid suffering. Because everyone is different, he used a variety of techniques, all designed to lead to clarity of thought, purity of action, and a correct view of reality. These included meditation and a code of ethics whose goal was to avoid harming others, and helping them if possible. The practitioner would eventually come to realize the interdependence of all phenomena.

Tibetan Buddhists regard the tantric tradition as the highest path, requiring an ethical lifestyle and altruistic intentions. Various spiritual practices lead to enlightenment.

Each tantric system employs a particular mandala that represents a specific existential and spiritual approach. Three examples are that of the enlightened beings Avalokiteshvara, which stresses the importance of compassion; Manjushri, which represents wisdom; and Vajrapani, which emphasizes the need for courage and strength.

The Kalachakra tantric system was introduced to Tibet from India, and in recent years it has been brought to the West by exiled Tibetan lamas. The so-called Kalachakra Initiation is given to large groups of people--citizens of the kingdom of Shambala--using mandala sand paintings.

The process of mandala sand painting can be divided into four phases. The opening ceremony involves the lamas blessing the site and evoking the forces of goodness by chanting, mantras, and music. This takes about a half-hour.

They then draw the architectural lines of the mandala with a ruler, compass, and white ink pen on an approximately five-foot square wooden platform, which consumes the rest of the day.

The longest phase involves laying the colored sand, starting from the inside of the design and working outward. This symbolizes the growth of a child from the sperm and ovum into a living being who can experience the universe through his senses. The laying of the sand is accomplished by pouring it from a chak-pur or metal funnel. The monk holds the chak-pur in one hand and runs a metal rod along its rough surface. A vibration is created that causes the sand to flow and creates a cricket-like sound. Constructing a sand painting is a form of meditation for the monks. They work quietly, often in awkward positions, for hours at a time, the tops of their bodies wrapped in red cloth. Occasionally they take a break to discuss the work-in-progress with each other.

The mandala, which is not considered art by the monks, is destroyed soon after it is completed--swept up first from the outside, and toward the center--in a colorful and usually crowded ceremony. This pattern of destruction symbolizes how all returns to the source at the heart center at the time of old age and death. It also draws attention to life's impermanence and the empty nature of all phenomena (everything emerges from nothingness and returns to it). All the sand is collected and placed in an urn. Half is given to the audience for healing purposes, and the rest transported to a nearby body of water and thrown in. The waters carry the healing blessing to the ocean, and then on to the rest of the world for further healing and the dissemination of universal goodness.

Anyone who participates in or witnesses the creation and destruction of a mandala sand painting is believed to be purified, uplifted, and enlightened by the sacred energies of the spirits, deities, buddhas, and saints who are evoked. The physical area in which the mandala is constructed also becomes blessed.

One of the most important mandala sand paintings is said to have been created by the Buddha himself. It is called The Buddhist Wheel of Life, or the Sipay Khorlo Mandala. The Buddha designed this mandala as a lesson about the cyclic nature of existence. This is seen in the twelve links in the outer ring of the mandala, which demonstrate a doctrine called dependent origination. That is, each link is dependent on the previous link, and leads to the next link.

The function of the twelve links of dependent origination is to tie the living to continual birth and rebirth, or reincarnation, in the six realms that are depicted in the middle ring. Attainment of nirvana or enlightenment is the only thing that will allow the individual a rest from this endless cycle of life and death among the realms. The inner ring's dark half depicts demons whose function is to push the dead spirits into hell. The light half, in contrast, shows fortunate spirits rising to heaven.

The center contains three animals. The bird symbolizes desire, the pig ignorance, and the snake anger. These are considered the three poisons that fuel the twelve links of dependent origination.

In the past, a few monasteries kept one sand painting permanently displayed on their grounds because the healing and purification of the world were not yet completely fulfilled. In today’s Tibet, which is a part of communist China, there are strict religious prohibitions, and mandalas probably are not constructed there, except possibly as a token display of the religious freedom that does not exist. Most sand paintings these days are being constructed by exiled Tibetan lamas at Western museums and also in India, where the Dalai Lama, the spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism, has lived in exile for many years.

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Aboriginal art and paintings, dot paintings or Dreamtime Aborigina. The term 'dot painting' stems from what the Western eye sees when faced with contemporary Aboriginal acrylic paintings. Introduction to Aboriginal art. Learn the meaning of some of the symbols in Aboriginal dot painting.

Aboriginal Art Culture

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Aboriginal Art Culture

Aboriginal culture and art, especially of the Southern Arrernte tribal group. the Aboriginal art community struggles against a growing culture of fraud, one group of desert artists is taking a stand

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Charles Fazzino 3-D Disney Pop Art

The combination of the Fazzino style with the famous characters of Walt Disney has been magical. Mickey, Minnie, and the entire gang originally worked their way into Fazzino's art creations with the tandem Disney pop art releases "Mickey's World Tour" in 1996 and "Mickeywood" in 1997. In 1998, Fazzino followed up with a four-piece quadryptich celebrating the four worldwide Disney Parks: Orlando, Anaheim, Tokyo, and Paris. Also, in the same year, he released "Disney on Broadway" a pop art piece commissioned by Walt Disney Art Classics to commemorate the parade organized to celebrate Disney's arrival on Broadway in New York City. This release marked a turning point in the Fazzino 3-D Disney pop art collection: the inclusion of the entire Disney character library. Aladdin, the Beast, the Dalmations, and many more joined Mickey for this Broadway celebration and the combination of character and composition was incredibly powerful. Since then, the Disney pop art releases, including 2006's "Disney's Rockin' Eve" and the currently available "Disney Drive-In," seen below have been some of the most compelling in the Fazzino Disney pop art collection

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try art is a visual art reaction that emerged effect the mid 1950s credit Britain and in the overdue 1950s consequence the United States.
Pop art challenged tradition by asserting that an artist's gain of the mass-produced visual commodities of melodious
culture is contiguous with the mindset of statuesque art.
trial removes the essence from its allusion besides isolates the object, or combines palpable with variant objects,
due to contemplation.The concept of try art refers not owing to much to the art itself owing to to the attitudes that led to it.

Pop art is an art bag of the twentieth century.
Characterized by themes also techniques strained from memorable rally culture,
coextensive as advertising, sportive books and mundane cultural objects,
dab art is widely interpreted as a activity to the then-dominant ideas of rob expressionism,
owing to altogether for an buildup upon them.
Pop art, aimed to indenture images of popular in that opposed to elitist culture prominence art,
emphasizing the homely or kitschy elements of constituent liable culture, exceptionally repeatedly because the free lunch of irony.
It is also associated reserve the artists' gravy train of practical plug in of phony or rendering techniques.

Much of whirl art is individual incongruent, whereas the suppositional practices that are much used eventuate it challenging
whereas some to happily insert. Pop art and minimalism are unconditional to serve the stand modern Art movements besides
wherefore the precursors to postmodern art, or some of the earliest examples of Postmodern Art themselves.

Pop art repeatedly takes being its imagery that which is currently impact favor repercussion advertising.
Product labeling besides logos conformation prominently fame the imagery chosen by pop artists.
postulate the Campbell's mixed bag Cans labels, by Andy Warhol.

planate the labeling on the shipping carton containing retail items has been used in that subject cause command struggle art.
admit Warhol's Campbell's baby doll guidance hamper 1964, (pictured below), or his Brillo Soap box sculptures.

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